1. Bolstad Textbook: Chapter 13 (521 - 556)
2. Model Builder (read all subsections) - http://desktop.arcgis.com/en/desktop/latest/analyze/modelbuilder/what-is-modelbuilder.htm
3. Geoprocessing Environments (read all subsections) - http://desktop.arcgis.com/en/desktop/latest/tools/environments/what-is-a-geoprocessing-environment.htm